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Gnostics (Religious dualists who held that matter is evil and the spirit good and that salvation is attained by gnosis)

archon — archonship, n. /ahr kon/, n. 1. a higher magistrate in ancient Athens. 2. any ruler. [1650 60; < Gk árchon magistrate, ruler, n. use of prp. of árchein to be first, rule; see ARCHI ] * * * In Gnosticism, any of various world governing powers… … Universalium
Christianity — /kris chee an i tee/, n., pl. Christianities. 1. the Christian religion, including the Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern Orthodox churches. 2. Christian beliefs or practices; Christian quality or character: Christianity mixed with pagan elements; … Universalium
biblical literature — Introduction four bodies of written works: the Old Testament writings according to the Hebrew canon; intertestamental works, including the Old Testament Apocrypha; the New Testament writings; and the New Testament Apocrypha. The Old… … Universalium
Islam — Islamic /is lam ik, lah mik, iz /, Islamitic /is leuh mit ik, iz /, adj. /is lahm , iz , is leuhm, iz /, n. 1. the religious faith of Muslims, based on the words and religious system founded by the prophet Muhammad and taught by the Koran, the… … Universalium